A. The preterite is a "perfect" tense because it reports events viewed as completed within a finite time frame. An "imperfect" tense conveys duration, progression, incompleteness:
Los indígenas no aceptaban a los europeos.
The natives would not accept Europeans (for some time). |
Algunos nunca los aceptaron.
Some (definitely) never did. |
B. For narration, each tense has a distinct function:
IMPERFECT (duration) |
PRETERITE (completion) |
gives background information,
describes what was happening |
reports completed actions,
tells what happened |
It was raining...
Llovía (o estaba lloviendo)... |
when I woke up,
cuando me desperté. |
describes a state or condition |
reports a change in condition |
He was fine before the winter, ...
Estaba bien antes del invierno, ...
|
but in January he got sick because of the cold.
pero en enero se enfermó por el frío.
|
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